This is a proof of concept. Ranged can work, it is not ideal.
For a strong melee build, use Mik's -> Here

Unfortunately Gaz did not put in any effort for the ranged setup for Captain Marvel. There is just a lack of options and damage layers to make a pure ranged build even remotely competitive.

That said, this is the closest you can get to a ranged Captain Marvel while maintaining a competitive damage output and an extremely safe and CC focused build.

Does it work? Yes, but the damage is lacking compared to Melee CM.

The one large perk is it is very tanky, and as you weave Photonic Wave & Photonic Devastation, you are AoE stunning everything in your cone of fire.

I believe artifacts could be optimized, and Intense Light might be dropped for something else as at the moment it is a negligible DPS gain to weaving.

Rotation:
Weave +, holding one ability while tapping the other so you alternate casts.
Hit your other abilities on CD, taking note of which give you damage reduction and perhaps holding their use for moments you could use it.

Otherwise this build drives itself. Keep things in front of you and theyll stay stunned. Good luck, enjoy. 

 
Infinity Points:
Prioratize getting different gems to 150 first, then wrapping back around for the details.
We go to 6 for brut chance and crit chance as GazNumbers rounds it up to +1%.

Anyhoo, here are some vids: